Tag Archives: Internal MA

Xing Yi

Pu扑 – Pouncing Energy

GM Fu Jian Qiao executing Tiger Form

Pu 扑 or to Pounce is an aggressive energy that allows you to encapsulate and overcome your opponent. Like a tiger jumping on their prey this energy is similar in aspect. It is very similar to Pi, or chopping energy but there is more too it. It is curved, circular, to attack and overwhelm. Pu has a light energy to it, the ability to cover ground quickly and envelop your opponent. It is nimble yet aggressive. It overpowers and overwhelms. It is a strong energy but not stiff.

The pounce starts with the legs. The contract–knees bend and ankles flex. The energy lunges forward quickly as you spring forward. You push from the ground firmly through the foot, allow the ting (straight) energy to accelerate through the knees and into the upper body. As you arrive at your opponent you root again with a curve in the legs ready to move again at moments notice. The leap can be long or short, depending on the distance between you and your opponent but It ends close to them. When practicing learning to lengthen your leap is important to strengthen skill and legs. Also with most calisthenic exercises it must be trained to react quickly yet firmly. It must be trained to react in any direction at a moments notice. Agile and swift while returning to root easily.

The energy is curved. It contracts and expands. It loads like a bow and explodes straight like shooting an arrow. It should maintain the basic internal principles of head held high, chin tucked, chest hollowed, buttocks slightly tucked. Qi/Lo and Kai/He principles should be expressed distinctly but with coordination and unity throughout. The body should move as a unit.

While the energy itself is the leap it can lead to powerful strikes. When striking with Pu it is usually expressed through the palms similar to Pi Quan (but doesn’t necessarily have too). It is more complex however. It holds a yuan type body, curved throughout, especially between the elbows. It expresses a wave power, or Bo Lang Jin. While Bo Lang Jin can start Hi or Low, in regards to Pu it starts at the root. It travels up the back and expressed out the arms in a circular type power. It does not burst through a defense or opponent but overwhelms them. If the strike is being blocked it should work to come over the defense and strike the opponent. The opponent should be suppressed, enveloped and confused as the wave is difficult to comprehend.

Training this energy can be accomplished several different ways. Weight training, jump training and calisthenics are simple ways to strengthen tendons and muscles to increase capability. Basic line drills are the most important however. Repeatedly conducting Xing Yi line drills. To begin, start with regular stepping, loading into it and releasing then quickly re-establishing root. Focus on the movement. Work on quickness. From there work towards your gum bu or advancing step. Again focus on the fast movement, cover ground quickly yet always maintain a firm root. Work on covering more and more ground. Have a standard size room and analyze yourself. If it takes you 10 moves to get to the other side work on getting across the same area in 9 moves then 8 moves. Maintaining the principles and using the intent of Pu energy is important though, just don’t leap without reestablishing root or using uncoordinated body movements. Slow and methodical, progress slowly yet with disciplined consistency.

One must always be involved in their training, never let it become idle. You must work to improve different aspects, either individually or several at once. However you best train if you do not use conscious effort little progress can be made!

Neijia, Xing Yi

Jue 决. Bursting/Exploding

The energy of bursting or exploding with your strike is always an exciting feeling. It makes you feel alive, powerful. Its one of the easiest jings to discuss but the intricacies of this energy is what makes it truly special.

What are these subtleties of this Jing? It involves the funneled connection of all parts working together to maximize the potential power. Like water breaking through the dam, its power is channeled through a specific point, exploding through and past in a gush of raw power. Bursting comes from inside. It starts at the Dan tian. What does that mean though? It’s the center of you equilibrium, its where all movement should start and end. Without a stable platform the energy can be easily dispersed or unconnected. From your center you can move energy anywhere and if you practice you can move this energy anywhere very quickly.

Yet to move quickly you need to bring your legs and root with you. They will follow your center, pushing off then re-rooting where you intend to go. It issue a force that explodes one must have the concept of due ba li within all parts of their body. At the exact moment the strike is delivered a slight sinking energy should be issued to root and allow the equal and opposite energy to extend out their arm or leg. Can when issue energy without this sink? Sure but you will find the power just not quite as strong (but depending on the fighter could still be extremely strong), a piece missing from the puzzle so to speak.

One also must be lifting upward or Ti (or Chui-suspending, many descriptions for it). Neither leaning in either direction (or any of the 6 honestly) and center maintained. You must “hang around your bones” and be stable. If one leans its creates a slight energy draw towards that direction. Is that necessarily a bad thing? No not necessarily, if one leans forward you will direct the energy that way but you may find yourself using more Li (strength) than Jing (power) as it will be slightly slower, not as sharp. When you center is off your power can be disrupted and dispersed more easily. You will not be as quick in any direction, dedicated but limited in a way.

To truly burst your energy your joints must be connected and coordinated. Starting at the foot and going up the leg, twisting through the waist, up the back and through the shoulder to arm to fist takes practice. You must relax, allowing the pulse to freely move through the body and not bind up at some joint. Many people talk of 9 joints or 5 joints or 3 bows or 5 bows: these terms all while independent of eachother hold many similar concepts together, most importantly is the coordination of the body to shoot the power out like an arrow. It must have Ting, or straightness, your joints compact together and explode together.

The energy must come through the shoulder and arm through the fist to a point beyond (Same for a kick as well). It must feel like your sending your strike to penetrate through your target! Use your intent and focus. Yi or intent is highly emphasized in internal martial arts but is discussed in any fighting realm. Whether you figure it imaginary or something greater, the idea of striking through your target adds effects. It causes you to slightly lengthen, to load and unload slightly greater, to move slightly faster and more coordinated. All these effects, while potentially small, can add up and create effects well beyond an unfocused strike.

Here is the other catch on Yi and intent. Your mind most be totally focused on that event. It must brain all its energy into it and leave nothing behind. An amazingly focused mind brings that much more coordination and power. Like an unfocused workout, you just don’t move as well, lift as much, fight as hard. It’s a catalyst to greater effect and truly needed in a fight. The mind must obviously be ready to move into the next event and not be stagnant but it MUST be focused. Note: some people will talk lofty ideals of no mind and connection to nothingness, these are very viable concepts in internal martial arts but are not something typical applied to this. This leads into much deeper debates on ideals that are not necessarily wrong but will bleed over into other concepts.

Internal arts looks to maximize the use of the mind and body, this includes how it strikes. It looks to harmonize the strong and soft, the energy coming in and going out, it looks to move with coordination, it looks to move with power and energy. Any small piece out of alignment or not focused in that moment take away from the whole. You can do 10,000 punches or kicks everyday but without focus, intent, consistency in effort, your power will be limited. Your power will not develop over time as effectively and it will not truly explode through at a level that would be discussed for years to come!

Neijia, Push Hands (Tui Shou)

Hua Jin (化動) – Neutralize/Transform Energy

Sifu Hart demonstrating Beng Quan, once Hua energy is understood it can be expressed even in solo practice.

The final steps of internal martial arts fighting involves neutralizing energy and transforming it.

Neutralizing energy can be done rather simply; a person can jam, block, dodge, push another’s strike or body to neutralize their energy. These methods are often seen in external arts and other combat sports that need to apply defense quickly yet effectively. Internal Martial Arts emphasizes a neutralization method that leads the energy into emptiness to gain advantage and potentially transform it in some fashion. The concepts are circles are extremely important here along with a connected and relaxed body. A curve allows one to redirect energy and gain the upper hand. Coiling and accepting energy can also allow for one to negate a person’s strike while storing up a great amount of that person’s “energy” or momentum. You can block their strike in any direction and the greater your “entire” body receives that strike the better you can nullify it. Maybe you block down and back up some. Or perhaps you coil their strike to the side while stepping at an angle. There are numerous ways to neutralize energy but masters do it with understanding, precision, grace, and calmness.

You must accept the energy into your joints and the coiling parts of your body, compress them (but don’t overcompress — always maintain your root and center), keep them relaxed (yet connected) as possible. Song – Calmness and relaxation— is truly key to this point. However, the ideal of song is often lost in translation. If a person attacks you with a ferocious strike you are not going to be able to be a wet noodle and handle their energy. You will need structure, connection, and quickness to overcome and redirect it. The idea of song is to be as relaxed as possible to handle that energy. You will will still have energy, you may even tend to be on the hard side (Yin and yang are always together and mutual, you just must be more “yin” than the other person at that moment of accepting the strike to be able to redirect it). But if you are more relaxed than your opponent in that moment (even a hair) you will be quicker to react and overcome and thus gain the advantage (all other factors being equal). Again the more you can relax and find that sweet point the better.

Once you neutralize a strike what now? Attack? Continue to defend? This is where the concept of transforming comes in. There are numerous ways to transform energy; perhaps it is off-balance them, strike them, throw them or trap them, again applications are numerous and ideals will tend towards your strengths in the art. Transformational energy does require the use of your whole body connection to be effective. You need that “spring” throughout your body to “coil” and “uncoil.” To have a powerful strike or throw the body needs to be able to work together and use every inch of your body to produce a powerful effect.

In the end every fighting art works towards these ideals in some form or fashion. They neutralize attacks and react, putting themselves in ideal positions to attack with maximum power. Internal arts expounds and pontificates on this method. You will need to coordinate your movements and maintain proper structure throughout to maximize effect. Your whole body must develop a quick and sharp “Jin” energy, compressing and releasing effortlessly and timely. You must develop your intuition to be in the “right place” at the “right time.” You must be able to move and keep these characteristics in mind (as well as all the ones previously discussed in the blog). You train this in push hands and continue these ideals in fighting. Most internal fighters will want to connect through a block or touch of some fashion and continue that connection until the fight is over. The action is continuous, always countering and attacking: neutralizing, storing, transforming, releasing. At high levels this looks fluid and effortless. This level of fighting is truly hard to get to, its hyper-functional and requires a constant/consistent work against many different styles and opponents so you learn how to act and react to each style. Commonalities will exist but unique characteristics from each style will need to be explored against your own to learn the counters and gauge what energies are required and your effectiveness. Enjoy the grind, welcome the climb and work towards your own mastery.

Neijia, Push Hands (Tui Shou)

Zhan Nian (沾黏) Jin

Sifu Hart discussing the finer points of Tui Shou.

Sticking/Adhering (沾黏) Jin is a fundamental jin within IMA.  From this Jin you can can dive deeper into listening, understanding, deflecting, and redirecting anothers Li (strength).  Sticking jin is tricky as it requires body parts to touch.  Usually IMA practitioners start with arms but once a working knowledge is understood any body part can be used.  The goal is to remain in contact of some sort to be able to use your other jins appropriately.  Your opponent will move and you will move with him, he will feel like he cannot “shake” you .  He attacks, you retreat… he retreats, you stay with him (attacking as necessary).  They are fast, you are fast… they are slow, you are slow.  This is why you must learn to listen, understand, and follow.  If you do not learn these jins, sticking energy becomes difficult if not impossible to maintain.  Yet without sticking jin these other jins become useless as well, they are all mutually beneficial and coordinate with eachother.

Another goal is to become as light as possible–Qing ( 轻) Jin.  Why light?  Being empty and light allows for you to “feel” their energy and to be able to react quickly/agilely.  Being heavy and strong makes it difficult to react quickly; not impossible but difficult and not the correct method to higher levels.  It also gives plenty of energy to the other person to “feel” and work with.  Among other things the greats of the past hollowed their chest,  rounded their backs, relaxed their shoulders and made their upper body empty (in reality this is a gross over generalization, once they mastered their body they were able to appear empty but be full and vice versa – their conceal and release became truly marvelous).  They were able to react instantly to situations and seamlessly follow, neutralize, and redirect their opponent.  Why?  Because they had mastered their sticking ability!

Most people train this method through push hands (Tui Shou).  This is a great method and preferred among many internalists.  But there are steps to this.  One must first work in a rooted position and then move to moving step (my method is restricted step then to freestyle).  It’s a great non-threatening environment to hone sticking skills and work on true lightness ability with those skills.  However to be truly great with this skill one needs to work into compliant and non-compliant sparring.  Learning to stick at a point of contact can be tricky when a punch or kick is executed (and even trickier when that punch and kick returns back to its owner).  One must learn to truly move with an opponent, blocking or evading a strike then returning with it slightly as you “attach” yourself to your opponent; with the true key being “staying” attached.  There will be several subtle movements and understanding fight distance, spacing, and angles truly become important.  If you can master sticking in a fighting environment you are your way to truly becoming mysterious.

In the end the higher level would be the touch becomes virtually non-existent.  You would stick to your opponent without them feeling anything from you.  You become like the air around them, incapable of identifying your presence but constantly feeling theirs.  Their will becomes  obvious while yours remains mysterious.   They become truly frustrated because of their inability to “touch” you and apply their yi (intent) and li (strength). It’s a lofty goal but one worth striving for.

8 Methods, Liu He Ba Fa

Liu He Ba Fa 8 Methods — 8th Method: Conceal

GM Wu Yi Hui performing猛 蛟 入 海 Měng Jiāo Rù Hǎi – Fierce dragon enters the sea from the Liùhébāfǎ Xìliè Qīnglóng Jiàn (六合八法系列青龙剑 )

The last method is Conceal (fu 伏).  One must hide appearance, conceal moment (yin xian cang ji 隐现藏机).

It is one thing to guard your intention but truly another to conceal it.  Once you have mastered the movements, make them flow effortlessly/subconsciously, and connected the harmonies you must conceal.  You must be able to manifest at will, without hesitation, and without divulging it.  This will make your wushu special and Gong Fu strong!  You instantly react and ultimately control.  The opponent only sees a calm and relaxed person infront of them.  They cannot tell what you will do and how you will react.  This will make them nervous and will give you signals to their actions.  Energetically and physically they will telegraph their intentions and desires.  They will be frantically paddling in your calm waters, disturbing you and giving you clues to the commotion.

How a person chooses to practice this method is up to the teacher.  Many lineages tighten up their style, creating a small frame with lots of intricate yet precise movements.  Others send intention back inwards allowing only their shen to permeate through their eyes.  Others believe it a nature progression of the training where conceal occurs as you work your way through the six harmonies and naturalize with emptiness (void).   Whatever a person’s method this concept allows you to reach a level where your Gong Fu seems miraculous.  Like GM Wu Yi Hui you will be able to surround  your opponent, avoiding and countering at will; all while they are unable to grasp you or your intentions.

8 Methods, Liu He Ba Fa

Liu He Ba Fa 8 Methods — 7th Method: Withhold

GM Wu Yi Hui holding the first standing post posture (1 of 8) from the form: working on stillness and centeredness

The 7th Method is Withhold (le勒). “Still, settle, guard humbly (jing ding shou xu 静定守虚).”   Very cryptic yet very powerful to higher level martial artists.  The ability to read a persons intent is a powerful tool but even more powerful would be to hide your intent from the reader, making you a quagmire and someone very difficult to deal with.  You must learn relaxation, quieting the mind, returning to your center, guarding your intentions — ultimately working towards emptiness.  A fighter with bravado can be a great thing to watch, he or she is exciting and engaged.  Yet It is even better to watch someone truly calm through the whole experience.  Someone who cannot be hit or beaten.  Someone in control of themselves and the entire situation.  They do not lash out in anger or excitement, they are swift, fluid, adaptable — untouchable.  Its beautiful and rare to see.

How do you begin to find your center, settle, and withhold?  You learn to relax (song), quiet the mind, listen inward, and control yourself.  You must learn to temper the seven emotions (anger, fear, joy, grief, anxiety, pensiveness, fright) and fight off the six desires (touch, taste, see, smell, hear, passion) If you learn to control /limit them you learn to control yourself. You will be able to restrain and quiet the spirit. You will find peace and stillness.  From there you will settle and allow things to come to you.  Your emptiness will calm your mind, allowing it to accept ideas and energy and giving it the ability to react without hesitation.  You will be humble yet will have a sense about you.

Internally once you learn control, restraint, and stillness you will open up blood flow and energy ways.  Your mind will be at ease.  Your muscles will relax.  Your heart will calm (you only have so many heart beats and the ability to lengthen those out creates health and longevity).  Blood and energy will be able to penetrate organs and pathways with more ease.  You will have no stress; you will fight off disease; and ultimately you glow with a health beyond your years.

6 Harmonies, Liu He Ba Fa

Liu He Ba Fa 6 Harmonies: 1st Harmony – Body Combines with your Heart (mind)

Chen Tuan, Creator of Liu He Ba Fa

1st Harmony:  Combine your body with your heart (mind) –ti he yu xin体合于心

Your heart is wild–it can be courageous or scared; it can be scattered or focused.  It can be many things.  The heart (your wild thoughts) must be trained and honed.  This is accomplished through training and dedication.  With Liu He Ba Fa its accomplished by conducting the form and focusing this movement with your heart (mind).   Even though delayed, giving your mind action gives it purpose and training.  You train every muscle with the form and engrain it into you.  Every muscle, tendon, ligament works in alignment and in total unison in action.  The force of such a movement can be outstanding (Force =Mass X Acceleration).  By getting every fiber of your being behind your action it creates a tremendous amount of power.  But to do so requires an immense amount of training.  The old saying by Bruce Lee is I don’t fear a man you does 10,000 different kicks but I fear a man who has done one kick 10,000 times.  Michael Gladwell, in his book, Outliers, is quoted that studies show a similar number in a fact of hours, 10,000, is what is needed to perfect a technique.  Without concentrated dedication to your practice and constant effort, only average gains may be made.

Once engrained it will become subconscious and work towards the instantaneous.  These efforts can be hindered though if you do not train your mind to relax and be calm.  To accept things and understand them.  This, in turn, will relax your body and give its ability to react more quickly, more succinctly.  Fa Song is a great ability.   It is not lazy relaxation, where you become “noodly” and disconnected.  It’s a relaxation that creates harmony throughout your body that allows for your body to feel and adapt.  This starts with your ability for your mind to relax, to let go of the troubles of the day and have the ability to focus on the task at hand.   To feel inside and outside your body the event and work towards totality with it.  With harmony one: through focused movement , proper relaxed alignment, and continued effort, both on the inside and out,  great gains can be made to make the form apart of you.